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^ a b Primary stress usually occurs in word-initial positions with secondary stress occurring afterwards.**Due to browser constraints please download forms for full functionality.

Bengali: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge Comprehensive Grammars), 1 (1 ed.).

^ Thompson, Hanne-Ruth (November 25, 2020).^ Mainly occurs as an allophone of in conjunct with other postalveolar (retroflex) consonants.^ a b c When preceding a vowel in word-initial positions, /w/ may occur as an allophone of /o/ and /u/, especially in loan words e.g.^ The phoneme occurs in some pronunciations of Bengali vowel clusters, such as নয়ন.^ The phonetic realisation of /r/ is usually an alveolar flap but may also be an alveolar approximant or alveolar trill depending on the variety and speaker.ɸ/ can additionally occur as an allophone of /pʰ/ in foreign loan words e.g. ^ a b /pʰ/ is phonetically realised either as or /ɸ/ (phonetically ) depending on the speaker and variety.^ /ɦ/ may be devoiced to in word-initial or final positions, with occurring medially.Additionally, some words that originally had /z/ are now pronounced with / dʑ/ in Standard Bengali (সবজি 'vegetable', from Persian sabzi). However, many speakers usually replace /z/ with /dʒ/. ^ a b ⟨ জ⟩ and ⟨ য⟩ may represent a voiced affricate / dʒ/ in Standard Bengali words of native origin, but they can also represent / z/ in foreign words and names ( জাকাত ' zakah charity', আজিজ 'Aziz').Both sets sound like / t/ and / d/ to most English speakers although the dental and are used in place of the English / θ/ and / ð/ for some speakers with th-stopping. ^ a b c d e f g h Bengali contrasts dental and with apical postalveolar and (as well as aspirated variants).β/ can additionally occur as an allophone of /bʱ/ in foreign loan words e.g.

^ a b /bʱ/ is phonetically realised either as or /β/ (phonetically ) depending on the speaker and variety.Secondary stress (placed before stressed syllable) Primary stress (placed before stressed syllable) See Bengali phonology and Bengali alphabet for a more thorough look at the sounds of Bengali.Īmerican a tom or ring ( flapped or trilled) For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters. Wikipedia key to pronunciation of BengaliĬharts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Bengali pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

Bengali alphabet pdf